50 Nursing MCQs with Answers
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
1. The basic structural and functional unit of the human body is:
A) Tissue
B) Organ
C) Cell ✅
D) System
2. Which part of the cell controls all cellular activities?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus ✅
C) Ribosome
D) Lysosome
3. The process by which cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells is called:
A) Meiosis
B) Mitosis ✅
C) Osmosis
D) Diffusion
4. Normal body temperature in adults is:
A) 36.0°C
B) 37.0°C ✅
C) 38.0°C
D) 39.0°C
5. Which blood type is known as the "universal donor"?
A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) O ✅
6. The normal adult heart rate (pulse) at rest is:
A) 40–60 bpm
B) 60–100 bpm ✅
C) 100–120 bpm
D) 120–140 bpm
7. Which organ produces insulin?
A) Liver
B) Kidney
C) Pancreas ✅
D) Spleen
8. The largest organ of the human body is:
A) Liver
B) Lungs
C) Skin ✅
D) Brain
9. Normal respiratory rate in adults is:
A) 8–10 breaths/min
B) 12–20 breaths/min ✅
C) 20–30 breaths/min
D) 30–40 breaths/min
10. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
A) Right atrium
B) Right ventricle
C) Left atrium
D) Left ventricle ✅
11. The hormone responsible for "fight or flight" response is:
A) Insulin
B) Cortisol
C) Adrenaline (Epinephrine) ✅
D) Thyroxine
12. Normal adult blood pressure is:
A) 100/60 mmHg
B) 120/80 mmHg ✅
C) 140/90 mmHg
D) 160/100 mmHg
13. The smallest blood vessels in the body are:
A) Arteries
B) Veins
C) Capillaries ✅
D) Venules
14. Which vitamin is produced by the skin upon sunlight exposure?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D ✅
15. The normal pH of human blood is:
A) 6.8–7.0
B) 7.0–7.2
C) 7.35–7.45 ✅
D) 7.5–7.8
16. Erythrocytes are also known as:
A) White blood cells
B) Platelets
C) Red blood cells ✅
D) Plasma cells
17. Which gland is called the "master gland"?
A) Thyroid
B) Adrenal
C) Pineal
D) Pituitary ✅
18. The number of bones in the adult human body is:
A) 186
B) 206 ✅
C) 216
D) 226
19. Peristalsis is the movement found in:
A) Heart
B) Lungs
C) Gastrointestinal tract ✅
D) Brain
20. The fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord is:
A) Synovial fluid
B) Pleural fluid
C) Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ✅
D) Pericardial fluid
21. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Cerebellum ✅
D) Hypothalamus
22. The normal lifespan of red blood cells is:
A) 60 days
B) 90 days
C) 120 days ✅
D) 150 days
23. Hemoglobin is a protein found in:
A) Platelets
B) White blood cells
C) Red blood cells ✅
D) Plasma
24. Which mineral is essential for bone formation?
A) Iron
B) Sodium
C) Calcium ✅
D) Potassium
25. The process of breathing in is called:
A) Expiration
B) Inspiration ✅
C) Respiration
D) Ventilation
26. The epiglottis prevents food from entering the:
A) Esophagus
B) Stomach
C) Trachea ✅
D) Larynx
27. Normal urine output in adults per day is:
A) 500–800 mL
B) 800–1000 mL
C) 1000–1500 mL ✅
D) 2000–2500 mL
28. Which nerve is the longest nerve in the body?
A) Femoral nerve
B) Vagus nerve
C) Sciatic nerve ✅
D) Radial nerve
29. The normal WBC count in adults is:
A) 2,000–4,000/mm³
B) 4,500–11,000/mm³ ✅
C) 12,000–15,000/mm³
D) 15,000–20,000/mm³
30. Oxygen is transported in blood primarily by:
A) Plasma
B) WBCs
C) Platelets
D) Hemoglobin ✅
31. The term "tachycardia" refers to:
A) Slow heart rate
B) Irregular heart rate
C) Fast heart rate ✅
D) Absent heart rate
32. Which organ filters blood and removes waste products?
A) Liver
B) Lungs
C) Kidney ✅
D) Spleen
33. The term "bradycardia" means:
A) Fast heart rate
B) Slow heart rate ✅
C) Normal heart rate
D) Irregular heart rate
34. The normal platelet count in adults is:
A) 50,000–100,000/mm³
B) 100,000–200,000/mm³
C) 150,000–400,000/mm³ ✅
D) 500,000–700,000/mm³
35. Insulin lowers blood glucose by:
A) Increasing glucose production
B) Stimulating glycogen breakdown
C) Promoting glucose uptake by cells ✅
D) Inhibiting insulin receptors
36. The term "apnea" means:
A) Difficulty breathing
B) Rapid breathing
C) Absence of breathing ✅
D) Shallow breathing
37. Which part of the nephron is responsible for filtration?
A) Loop of Henle
B) Collecting duct
C) Glomerulus ✅
D) Proximal tubule
38. The normal hemoglobin level in adult males is:
A) 10–12 g/dL
B) 12–14 g/dL
C) 13.5–17.5 g/dL ✅
D) 18–20 g/dL
39. Which lobe of the brain is responsible for vision?
A) Frontal lobe
B) Parietal lobe
C) Temporal lobe
D) Occipital lobe ✅
40. The term "diaphoresis" refers to:
A) Difficulty swallowing
B) Excessive sweating ✅
C) Excessive urination
D) Difficulty breathing
41. Normal fasting blood glucose level is:
A) 50–70 mg/dL
B) 70–99 mg/dL ✅
C) 100–125 mg/dL
D) 126–150 mg/dL
42. The sinoatrial (SA) node is located in the:
A) Left ventricle
B) Left atrium
C) Right ventricle
D) Right atrium ✅
43. Which blood group is the "universal recipient"?
A) O
B) A
C) B
D) AB ✅
44. The term "edema" refers to:
A) Abnormal fluid accumulation in tissues ✅
B) Decreased urine output
C) Increased urine output
D) Abnormal bleeding
45. The hormone that regulates metabolism is produced by the:
A) Adrenal gland
B) Thyroid gland ✅
C) Parathyroid gland
D) Pituitary gland
46. Which enzyme is produced by the salivary glands?
A) Pepsin
B) Lipase
C) Amylase ✅
D) Trypsin
47. The normal hematocrit level in adult females is:
A) 20–30%
B) 30–35%
C) 36–48% ✅
D) 50–60%
48. The term "hypoxia" means:
A) Excess oxygen in blood
B) Deficiency of oxygen in tissues ✅
C) Excess carbon dioxide in blood
D) Absence of blood flow
49. Bile is produced by the:
A) Gallbladder
B) Pancreas
C) Liver ✅
D) Duodenum
50. The term "anuria" means:
A) Painful urination
B) Excessive urination
C) Urine output less than 100 mL/day ✅
D) Blood in urine
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
Disclaimer
For educational purposes only